This antique pike has accompanied my suit of armor for years. Originally I thought it was likely a Spanish conquistador's pike. However, with lots of research for the listing I believe this to be an late Victorian or slightly later example of a Firefighter's rescue pike.The steel is 14.25" long x 4.5" wide and the overall length is about
50.5". Of course, the steel is rusted but with no large pits while the
wood pole is highly decayed. I purchased it from the barn of a rural
estate sale along with other antiquse some years ago. It's looks almost identical to the Dicke FP-22 Fireman's pike but the symbol is different. Specifically, this one has a circle with a triangle in it, reminiscent of the old Civil Defense design. It doesn't show up well in pics. I attempted to search for a Fireman's pike with such a symbol but to no avail- so it's likely fairy rare.
The pike pole is one of the most versatile of firefighters’ tools, and it has a long history in the fire service. With its several variations and lengths, this
jack-of-all-trades can be used in a multitude of functions. From the
early days of stopping fire extension through neighborhoods to forcible
entry and salvage techniques, it is no wonder why the pike pole is
routinely put to work every single day by firefighters
everywhere. The earliest resemblances to pike poles and hooks carried by today’s firefighters originated in Europe around the 12 th
century. They were developed to be used as weapons for soldiers. These
earliest pike poles were refined by loggers and ice fisherman hundreds
of years ago to meet the needs of their industry.
In the 1600s, the modern-style pike pole was manufactured and used
for the demolition of homes and businesses in order to create fire
breaks to stop the massive conflagrations that routinely swept through
cities. Large metal rings were attached to the exterior walls of
buildings in order for these long pike poles to latch onto and tear them
down. Sadly, this was one of the only effective methods to stop the
spread of fire, as substantial fire pumps and water delivery methods did
not yet exist.
Today’s fire service hooks are relatively young when
compared to the pike poles of yesteryear. The famous New York roof hook
or Halligan Hook was created in the 1950s by FDNY Deputy Chief Hugh
Halligan. Other city-specific fire hooks like the Chicago Hook, the
Denver Hook, the Boston Rake and the San Francisco Hook emerged within
the same century. These hook variations were developed to effectively
tear apart the type of building construction routinely encountered by
these firefighters, such as lath and plaster or tongue and groove. Modern pike poles and hooks can be several different
lengths, with 6 feet generally being the desirable length for reach and
leverage. The shaft of these tools is commonly made of either metal or
fiberglass, with the latter providing some conduction protection for the
user in the event that the tool comes in contact with energized wires
or equipment. Finding hidden pockets of fire and conducting overhaul is a
primary utilization of the tool. Firefighters will breach the ceiling
with the ends and points of the hook and pull down pieces of sheetrock
and plaster to the floor. This contributes to the complete
extinguishment of the fire.
Although we are no longer tearing down entire houses, the
pike pole is one of the best tools for opening up walls and ceilings in
order to check for the fire’s extension and stop it. The several
variations of today’s hooks all serve a valuable purpose in completing
overhaul tactics on the fire scene. In addition to overhaul, fire departments everywhere carry
these tools to assist in ventilation tactics, forcible entry, fireground
search and ingenious salvage tricks.
An FDNY book included this description of the Floor Above Thermal Set (FATS).
Hooks and pike poles are often carried along with another
tool. Riding positions often determine what will be carried with the
hook. For example, a 6-foot hook and water can is often carried by the
“can position,” while a firefighter filling the “outside vent” position
will carry a 6-foot hook and a Halligan bar. One extremely interesting tool setup and use for a New York
hook and a Halligan bar derived from the FDNY. The two tools were
married together by a chain or rope that was carried by a firefighter
assigned to ventilation. The F.A.T.S., as it was called, stood for Floor Above Thermal Set
, and allowed the firefighter to systematically break out windows from either the roof or floor above the fire. The hooks of the fire service have a storied history to
match their multiple variations and functions. What was once designed to
be a weapon will remain a trusted armament for firefighters for the
foreseeable future.